The Texas constitution defines the responsibilities of county governments which serve as agents of the state What are called commissioners court and court judges are elected to serve as the administrative arm Most cities in the state those over 5,000 in population have home-rule governments the vast majority of these have charters for council-manager forms of government by which voters elect council members who hire a professional city manager as operating officer, The United States agreed to recognize the Republic of Texas in March 1837 but declined to annex the territory the fledgling republic now attempted to persuade European nations to agree to recognition in late 1839 France recognized the Republic of Texas after being convinced it would make a fine trading partner, The Gulf Coastal Plains region wraps around the Gulf of Mexico on the southeast section of the state Vegetation in this region consists of thick piney woods the Interior Lowlands region consists of gently rolling to hilly forested land and is part of a larger pine-hardwood forest. . San Antonio 96/74 35/23 63/40 17/5 Houston is home to the Johnson Space Center NASA's largest research and development facility employing nearly 3,000 federal civil service workers and more than 14,000 contract personnel. Program offices for Project Constellation Orion and other new space vehicle projects will create new jobs at the center.[needs update] the city's burgeoning aerospace industry heralded its second growth spurt which solidified with the 1973 oil crisis the majority of the contractor work force related to the projects will also be located at the center. Texas Governor Rick Perry recently announced a $7.5 million Texas Enterprise Fund (TEF) grant to Lockheed Martin which will bring about 1,000 jobs to the Houston area the grant ensures that Lockheed Martin will create these jobs in the Houston area after they earned a multibillion-dollar contract from NASA to build the Orion Crew Exploration Vehicle. Houston is also home to the United Space Alliance which employs well over 10,000 people. (39) 103 The Axis advance in the Pacific halted in 1942 when Japan lost the critical Battle of Midway; later Germany and Italy were defeated in North Africa and then decisively at Stalingrad in the Soviet Union Key setbacks in 1943 which included a series of German defeats on the Eastern Front the Allied invasions of Sicily and Italy and Allied victories in the Pacific cost the Axis its initiative and forced it into strategic retreat on all fronts in 1944 the Western Allies invaded German-occupied France while the Soviet Union regained its territorial losses and turned toward Germany and its allies During 1944 and 1945 the Japanese suffered major reverses in mainland Asia in Central China South China and Burma while the Allies crippled the Japanese Navy and captured key Western Pacific islands, Spanish Empire State of Texas Houston's topography is further defined by a large number of creeks and ditches Overall this intricate system of waterways is essential to flood control; Houston is well known as one of the most flood-prone cities in the United States. Since the mid-20th century the United States Army Corps of Engineers in cooperation with the city and Harris County Flood Control District has channelized paved widened and deepened extensive sections of all of the five major bayous specified above with the notable exception of some parts of the Buffalo near Memorial the Buffalo Bayou watershed also features two flood control reservoirs Addicks Reservoir and Barker Reservoir which retain large amounts of water after extreme rainfall events. Terminal D at DFW Airport in Dallas, Crosby "Welcome to Texas" road sign, Mestre Jacome was a Majorcan cartographer induced by Portuguese prince Henry the Navigator to move to Portugal in the 1420s to train Portuguese map-makers in Majorcan-style cartography. 'Jacome of Majorca' is even sometimes described as the head of Henry's observatory and "school" at Sagres.
1990 saw the opening of Houston Intercontinental Airport's new 12-gate Mickey Leland International Airlines terminal named after the recently deceased Houston congressman in 1991 Sakowitz stores shut down; the Sakowitz brothers had brought their original store from Galveston to Houston in 1911 August 10 1991 saw a redrawing of districts for city council so that minority groups could be better represented in the city council 1993 saw the G8 visiting to discuss world issues and zoning was defeated for a third time by voters in November, Houston Texas Business Directory, El Paso founded by Spanish settlers in 1659 Higher education. . Hispanics and Latinos are the second-largest group in Texas after non-Hispanic European Americans Over 8.5 million people claim Hispanic or Latino ethnicity This group forms over 37 percent of Texas's population People of Mexican descent alone number over 7.9 million and make up 31.6 percent of the population the vast majority of the Hispanic/Latino population in the state is of Mexican descent the next two largest groups are Salvadorans and Puerto Ricans There are over 222,000 Salvadorans and over 130,000 Puerto Ricans in Texas Other groups with large numbers in Texas include Hondurans Guatemalans Nicaraguans and Cubans among others the Hispanics in Texas are more likely than in some other states (such as California) to identify as white; according to the 2010 U.S Census Texas is home to 6,304,207 White Hispanics and 2,594,206 Hispanics of "some other race" (usually mestizo). In 1983 the Wells Fargo Bank Plaza was completed which became the second-tallest building in Houston and in Texas and the 11th-tallest in the country it was designed by Skidmore Owings & Merrill and Lloyd Jones Brewer and Associates and supposedly resembles an abstracted dollar sign in plan From street level the building is 71 stories tall or 972 ft (296 m) tall it also extends four more stories below street level, By mid-November the Germans had nearly taken Stalingrad in bitter street fighting the Soviets began their second winter counter-offensive starting with an encirclement of German forces at Stalingrad and an assault on the Rzhev salient near Moscow though the latter failed disastrously by early February 1943 the German Army had taken tremendous losses; German troops at Stalingrad had been forced to surrender and the front-line had been pushed back beyond its position before the summer offensive in mid-February after the Soviet push had tapered off the Germans launched another attack on Kharkov creating a salient in their front line around the Soviet city of Kursk, When Mexican authorities received word of Santa Anna's defeat at San Jacinto flags across the country were lowered to half staff and draped in mourning. Denouncing any agreements signed by Santa Anna a prisoner of war the Mexican authorities refused to recognize the Republic of Texas. Filisola was derided for leading the retreat and quickly replaced by Urrea Within months Urrea gathered 6,000 troops in Matamoros poised to reconquer Texas However the renewed Mexican invasion of Texas never materialized as Urrea's army was redirected to address continued federalist rebellions in other state regions in Mexico. 8 See also Soviet and Polish forces stormed and captured Berlin in late April in Italy German forces surrendered on 29 April on 30 April the Reichstag was captured signalling the military defeat of Nazi Germany Berlin garrison surrendered on 2 May.
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