In early May 1942 Japan initiated operations to capture Port Moresby by amphibious assault and thus sever communications and supply lines between the United States and Australia the planned invasion was thwarted when an Allied task force centred on two American fleet carriers fought Japanese naval forces to a draw in the Battle of the Coral Sea. Japan's next plan motivated by the earlier Doolittle Raid was to seize Midway Atoll and lure American carriers into battle to be eliminated; as a diversion Japan would also send forces to occupy the Aleutian Islands in Alaska in mid-May Japan started the Zhejiang-Jiangxi Campaign in China with the goal of inflicting retribution on the Chinese who aided the surviving American airmen in the Doolittle Raid by destroying air bases and fighting against the Chinese 23rd and 32nd Army Groups in early June Japan put its operations into action but the Americans having broken Japanese naval codes in late May were fully aware of the plans and order of battle and used this knowledge to achieve a decisive victory at Midway over the Imperial Japanese Navy. Aircraft were used for reconnaissance as fighters bombers and ground-support and each role was advanced considerably Innovation included airlift (the capability to quickly move limited high-priority supplies equipment and personnel); and of strategic bombing (the bombing of enemy industrial and population centres to destroy the enemy's ability to wage war). Anti-aircraft weaponry also advanced including defences such as radar and surface-to-air artillery the use of the jet aircraft was pioneered and though late introduction meant it had little impact it led to jets becoming standard in air forces worldwide. Although guided missiles were being developed they were not advanced enough to reliably target aircraft until some years after the war. ; . ! .
; Vte Tourism and recreation (15.7) 63.6 In addition the Chapel of St Basil on the nearby campus of the University of St Thomas is a work of art designed by Philip Johnson that has won many awards for its architecture the Chapel which was built in 1997 contrasts with all of the other buildings on campus as it is made of white stucco and black granite rather than rose-colored brick It is also composed of three geometric forms: the cube the sphere and the plane the cube makes up the majority of the building including the main seating area while a golden semi-sphere dome covered with 23.5 karat gold leaf rises high above the cube the granite plane bisects the cube and opens the chapel to light the cube and plane interplay with the dome creating a sense that the dome is not a cover for the Chapel but rather an opening to the heavens. An aerial view of the Astrodome in 1999 Sports and outdoors In June 1943 the British and Americans began a strategic bombing campaign against Germany with a goal to disrupt the war economy reduce morale and "de-house" the civilian population the firebombing of Hamburg was among the first attacks in this campaign inflicting significant casualties and considerable losses on infrastructure of this important industrial centre! Pre-Columbian Texas To prevent a future world war the League of Nations was created during the 1919 Paris Peace Conference the organisation's primary goals were to prevent armed conflict through collective security military and naval disarmament and settling international disputes through peaceful negotiations and arbitration. The state's conservative white voters began to support Republican presidential candidates by the mid-20th century After this period they supported Republicans for local and state offices as well and most whites became Republican Party members the party also attracted some minorities but many have continued to vote for Democratic candidates the shift to the Republican Party is much-attributed to the fact that the Democratic Party became increasingly liberal during the 20th century and thus increasingly out-of-touch with the average Texas voter as Texas was always a conservative state voters switched to the GOP which now more closely reflected their beliefs. Commentators have also attributed the shift to Republican political consultant Karl Rove who managed numerous political campaigns in Texas in the 1980s and 90s. Other stated reasons included court-ordered redistricting and the demographic shift in relation to the Sun Belt that favored the Republican Party and conservatism, Texas is the second-largest U.S state after Alaska with an area of 268,820 square miles (696,200 km2) Though 10% larger than France and almost twice as large as Germany or Japan it ranks only 27th worldwide amongst country subdivisions by size If it were an independent country Texas would be the 40th largest behind Chile and Zambia. Racial and ethnic demographics The University of Houston System's annual impact on the Houston area's economy equates to that of a major corporation: $1.1 billion in new funds attracted annually to the Houston area $3.13 billion in total economic benefit and 24,000 local jobs generated. This is in addition to the 12,500 new graduates the U.H System produces every year who enter the workforce in Houston and throughout Texas These degree-holders tend to stay in Houston After five years 80.5% of graduates are still living and working in the region, Culture of the United States of America. 1920 138,276 75.5% Houston has the largest number of bike commuters in Texas with over 160 miles of dedicated bikeways the city is currently in the process of expanding its on and off street bikeway network.[when?] in 2015 Downtown Houston added a cycle track on Lamar Street running from Sam Houston Park to Discovery Green in August 2017 Houston City Council approved spending for construction of 13 additional miles of bike trails.
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