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Historical affiliations Historical population Harmon General Hospital one of the Army's largest opened in Longview in November 1942 with 157 hospital buildings and a capacity of 2,939 beds the facility was designed for the treatment of soldiers with central nervous system syphilis psychiatric disorders tropical illnesses and dermatological diseases At the end of the war the facility was adapted for use as the campus of LeTourneau University. . . (41) The 1st Congress of the Republic of Texas convened in October 1836 at Columbia (now West Columbia) it overturned the Mexican prohibition of slavery although it allowed slaveholders to free their slaves if they desired Stephen F Austin known as the Father of Texas died December 27 1836 after serving two months as Secretary of State for the new Republic in 1836 five sites served as temporary capitals of Texas (Washington-on-the-Brazos Harrisburg Galveston Velasco and Columbia) before President Sam Houston moved the capital to Houston in 1837 in 1839 the capital was moved to the new town of Austin by the next president Mirabeau B Lamar. Thomas Mitchell Campbell born in Rusk Cherokee County, In 1912 the Rice Institute (now Rice University) opened in the West University area, Main article: Mexican Texas Houston often popularly referred to as the Bayou City is crossed by a number of slow-moving swampy rivers which are essential to draining the region's broad floodplains the city was founded at the convergence of Buffalo Bayou and White Oak Bayou a point today known as Allen's Landing.