While far from the major battlefields of the American Civil War Texas contributed large numbers of men and equipment to the rest of the Confederacy. Union troops briefly occupied the state's primary port Galveston Texas's border with Mexico was known as the "backdoor of the Confederacy" because trade occurred at the border bypassing the Union blockade the Confederacy repulsed all Union attempts to shut down this route but Texas's role as a supply state was marginalized in mid-1863 after the Union capture of the Mississippi River the final battle of the Civil War was fought near Brownsville Texas at Palmito Ranch with a Confederate victory, Both the American Heart Association and the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center call Dallas home the Southwestern Medical Center ranks "among the top academic medical centers in the world" the institution's medical school employs the most medical school Nobel laureates in the world. Rod Paige became superintendent of Houston Independent School District in 1994; during his seven-year tenure the district became very well known for high test scores and in 2001 Paige was asked to become Secretary of Education for the new George W Bush administration Lee P Brown Houston's first African-American mayor was elected in 1997. ! . ; .
Lindsey Nelson an announcer for the visiting New York Mets broadcast a game on April 28 1965 while perched in a gondola suspended from the roof above second base, (23.8) 77.1 African Americans are the largest racial minority in Texas Their proportion of population has declined since the early 20th century after many left the state in the Great Migration Blacks of both Hispanic and non-Hispanic origin make up 11.5 percent of the population; blacks of non-Hispanic origin form 11.3 percent of the populace African Americans of both Hispanic and non-Hispanic origin number at roughly 2.7 million individuals, 1541 founding of Santiago de Chile! Gulf of Mexico basin which contains the Sigsbee Deep and can be further divided into the continental rise the Sigsbee Abyssal Plain and the Mississippi Cone Throughout the 15th century Portuguese explorers sailed the coast of Africa establishing trading posts for tradable commodities such as firearms spices silver gold and slaves crossing Africa and India in 1434 the first consignment of slaves was brought to Lisbon; slave trading was the most profitable branch of Portuguese commerce until the Indian subcontinent was reached.
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