Houston's Jewish community estimated at 47,000 in 2001 has been present in the city from the 1800s Houstonian Jews have origins from throughout the United States Israel Mexico Russia and other places As of 2016 there were over 40 synagogues in Greater Houston the largest synagogues in Houston are Congregation Beth Yeshurun a Conservative Jewish temple and the Reform Jewish congregations Beth Israel and Emanu-El, Houston's current Chinatown and the Mahatma Gandhi District are two major ethnic enclaves reflecting Houston's multicultural makeup Restaurants bakeries traditional-clothing boutiques and specialty shops can be found in both areas. Proposals of 1850 for Texas northwestern boundary, Further information: Geographic areas of Houston and List of Houston neighborhoods, Houston is located 165 miles (266 km) east of Austin 88 miles (142 km) west of the Louisiana border and 250 miles (400 km) south of Dallas the city has a total area of 637.4 square miles (1,651 km2); this comprises over 599.59 square miles (1,552.9 km2) of land and 22.3 square miles (58 km2) covered by water. Most of Houston is located on the gulf coastal plain and its vegetation is classified as Western Gulf coastal grasslands while further north it transitions into a subtropical jungle the Big Thicket Much of the city was built on forested land marshes swamp and are all still visible in surrounding areas.[citation needed] Flat terrain and extensive greenfield development have combined to worsen flooding. Downtown stands about 50 feet (15 m) above sea level and the highest point in far northwest Houston is about 150 feet (46 m) in elevation the city once relied on groundwater for its needs but land subsidence forced the city to turn to ground-level water sources such as Lake Houston Lake Conroe and Lake Livingston the city owns surface water rights for 1.20 billion gallons of water a day in addition to 150 million gallons a day of groundwater; . . This article documents the wide-ranging history of the city of Houston the largest city in the state of Texas and the fourth-largest in the United States.
6.2 Playing surface Part of the state's tradition of cowboys is derived from the massive cattle drives which its ranchers organized in the nineteenth century to drive livestock to railroads and markets in Kansas for shipment to the East Towns along the way such as Baxter Springs the first cow town in Kansas developed to handle the seasonal workers and tens of thousands of head of cattle being driven, Christopher Columbus's first landing in the Americas in 1492. . ; Main article: Sports in Texas Vasco da Gama, The population of the new state was quite small at first and there was a strong mix between the English-speaking American settlers that dominated in the state's eastern/northeastern portions and the Spanish-speaking former Mexicans that dominated in the state's southern and western portions Statehood brought many new settlers Because of the long Spanish presence in Mexico and various failed colonization efforts by the Spanish and Mexicans in northern Mexico there were large herds of Longhorn cattle that roamed the state Hardy by nature but also suitable for slaughtering and consumption they represented an economic opportunity many entrepreneurs seized upon thus creating the cowboy culture for which Texas is famous While in the early days of the republic cattle and bison were slaughtered for their hides soon a beef industry was established with cattle being shipped all over the U.S and the Caribbean (within a few decades beef had become a staple of the American diet). Deep East Texas is a sub-region of East Texas According to the Deep East Texas Council of Governments the region consists of the following twelve counties: Angelina Houston Jasper Nacogdoches Newton Polk Sabine San Augustine San Jacinto Shelby Trinity and Tyler; . . 7.1 Crime Cities Mexican authorities became increasingly concerned about the stability of the region the colonies teetered at the brink of revolt in 1829 after Mexico abolished slavery in response President Anastasio Bustamante implemented the Laws of April 6 1830 which among other things prohibited further immigration to Texas from the United States increased taxes and reiterated the ban on slavery. Settlers simply circumvented or ignored the laws by 1834 an estimated 30,000 Anglos lived in Coahuila y Tejas compared to only 7,800 Mexican-born residents. By the end of 1835 almost 5,000 enslaved Africans and African Americans lived in Texas making up 13 percent of the non-Indian population.
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