Intensified migration to Texas after statehood raised the population to about 150,000 Societies such as the Texas Emigration and Land Company now pledged to settle colonists who would agree to constitute a militia for defense against the Indians; in return they would receive a grant of 320 acres of choice land Most of the newcomers continued to migrate from the states of the lower South; slavery was granted legal protection by the Texas constitution of 1845 the Texas population by 1860 was quite diverse with large elements of European whites (from the American South) African Americans (mostly slaves brought from the east) Tejanos (Hispanics with Spanish heritage) and about 20,000 recent German immigrants, Aftermath Historically four major industries shaped the Texas economy prior to World War II: cattle and bison cotton timber and oil. Before and after the U.S Civil War the cattle industry which Texas came to dominate was a major economic driver for the state thus creating the traditional image of the Texas cowboy in the later 19th century cotton and lumber grew to be major industries as the cattle industry became less lucrative it was ultimately though the discovery of major petroleum deposits (Spindletop in particular) that initiated an economic boom which became the driving force behind the economy for much of the 20th century With strong investments in universities Texas developed a diversified economy and high tech industry in the mid-20th century As of 2015 it is second on the list of the most Fortune 500 companies with 54. With a growing base of industry the state leads in many industries including agriculture petrochemicals energy computers and electronics aerospace and biomedical sciences Texas has led the U.S in state export revenue since 2002 and has the second-highest gross state product If Texas were a sovereign state it would be the 10th largest economy in the world. Houston Ship Channel Main articles: Deepwater Horizon explosion and Deepwater Horizon oil spill, 7.3 Languages Ever since the discovery of oil at Spindletop energy has been a dominant force politically and economically within the state. If Texas were its own country it would be the sixth largest oil producer in the world.
. . In late December at Santa Anna's behest the Mexican Congress passed the Tornel Decree declaring that any foreigners fighting against Mexican troops "will be deemed pirates and dealt with as such being citizens of no nation presently at war with the Republic and fighting under no recognized flag." in the early nineteenth century captured pirates were executed immediately the resolution thus gave the Mexican army permission to take no prisoners in the war against the Texians. This information was not widely distributed and it is unlikely that most of the American recruits serving in the Texian army were aware that there would be no prisoners-of-war. 35 Calpine 349 (34) 97 Houston has a lively music scene and while it can claim no broad genre as its own it has been fertile ground for the development of niche styles in American blues and Latin music --- a tradition that continues today with a uniquely distinctive regional style emerging in Houston's rap music community. Arts and theatre Features Houston received the official nickname of "Space City" in 1967 because it is the location of NASA's Lyndon B Johnson Space Center Other nicknames often used by locals include "Bayou City" "Clutch City" "Crush City" "Magnolia City" "H-Town" and "Culinary Capital of the South".[citation needed]. The Astro Spiral car jump was performed January 12 1972 by Chick Galiano of J.M Productions' Hell Drivers This stunt was later performed in the 1974 James Bond film the Man With the Golden Gun.
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