Nicholas Restaurant

By 1860 Houston had emerged as a commercial and railroad hub for the export of cotton. Railroad spurs from the Texas inland converged in Houston where they met rail lines to the ports of Galveston and Beaumont During the American Civil War Houston served as a headquarters for General John Magruder who used the city as an organization point for the Battle of Galveston. After the Civil War Houston businessmen initiated efforts to widen the city's extensive system of bayous so the city could accept more commerce between Downtown and the nearby port of Galveston by 1890 Houston was the railroad center of Texas, 3.4 Poverty (25.1) 76.6 Louetta, 1 Chronology 3.1 2013 referendum and aftermath. 10 Administration by judiciary The Texians began their retreat on March 19 the pace was unhurried and after travelling only 4 miles (6.4 km) the group stopped for an hour to rest and allow the oxen to graze. Urrea's troops caught up to the Texians later that afternoon while Fannin and his force of about 300 men were crossing a prairie. Having learned from the fighting at Refugio Urrea was determined that the Texians would not reach the cover of timber approximately 1.5 miles (2.4 km) ahead along Coleto Creek as Mexican forces surrounded them the Texians formed a tight hollow square for defense. They repulsed three charges during this battle of Coleto resulting in about nine Texians killed and 51 wounded including Fannin Urrea lost 50 men with another 140 wounded Texians had little food no water and declining supplies of ammunition but voted to not try to break for the timber as they would have had to leave the wounded behind. African Americans are the largest racial minority in Texas Their proportion of population has declined since the early 20th century after many left the state in the Great Migration Blacks of both Hispanic and non-Hispanic origin make up 11.5 percent of the population; blacks of non-Hispanic origin form 11.3 percent of the populace African Americans of both Hispanic and non-Hispanic origin number at roughly 2.7 million individuals.

! . Galveston Bay is a central feature of the Greater Houston metropolitan area the bay serves an essential economic role as home of the Houston Ship Channel and a large fishing industry and is also an important destination for recreation and coastal wildlife Covering approximately 600 square miles (1,600 km2) the estuary extends 30 miles (48 km) inland from the coast and has a maximum width of 17 miles (27 km). Important regional communities including Galveston and Texas City are located along the bay While the City of Houston proper does not adjoin the bay its limits do extend southward to encompass the NASA Johnson Space Center and the community of Clear Lake. . The state's two most widely recognized flagship universities are the University of Texas at Austin and Texas A&M University ranked as the 52nd and 69th best universities in the nation according to the 2014 edition of U.S News & World Report's "Best Colleges" respectively Some observers also include the University of Houston and Texas Tech University as tier one flagships alongside UT Austin and A&M the Texas Higher Education Coordinating Board (THECB) ranks the state's public universities into three distinct tiers:; . . Caribbean South America Mexico and Central America colonization Pre-Columbian history The Astrodome was added to the National Register of Historic Places in January 2014.