Texas declared its secession from the United States on February 1 1861 and joined the Confederate States of America on March 2 1861 With few battles in its territory Texas was mainly a "supply state" for the Confederate forces until mid-1863 when the Union capture of the Mississippi River made large movements of men horses or cattle impossible Texas regiments fought in every major battle throughout the war the last battle of the Civil War the Battle of Palmito Ranch was fought in Texas on May 12 1865 the 2nd Texas Cavalry Battalion (U.S.) (one of only two from the state) took part! Adolf Hitler after an unsuccessful attempt to overthrow the German government in 1923 eventually became the Chancellor of Germany in 1933 He abolished democracy espousing a radical racially motivated revision of the world order and soon began a massive rearmament campaign. Meanwhile France to secure its alliance allowed Italy a free hand in Ethiopia which Italy desired as a colonial possession the situation was aggravated in early 1935 when the Territory of the Saar Basin was legally reunited with Germany and Hitler repudiated the Treaty of Versailles accelerated his rearmament programme and introduced conscription. While Texas had won its independence political battles raged between two factions of the new Republic the nationalist faction led by Mirabeau B Lamar advocated the continued independence of Texas the expulsion of the Native Americans and the expansion of the Republic to the Pacific Ocean Their opponents led by Sam Houston advocated the annexation of Texas to the United States and peaceful co-existence with Native Americans the conflict between the factions was typified by an incident known as the Texas Archive War, Legislative responses 1950 596,163 55.0% Main article: Transportation in Texas, Worldwide-acclaimed pianist Van Cliburn a native of nearby Shreveport Louisiana was raised in Kilgore Kilgore College houses the Van Cliburn Auditorium on its home campus. . As part of the Cotton Kingdom planters depended on slave labor in 1860 30% of the total state population of 604,215 were enslaved in the statewide election on the secession ordinance Texans voted to secede from the Union by a vote of 46,129 to 14,697 (a 76% majority) the Secession Convention immediately organized a government replacing Sam Houston when he refused to take an oath of allegiance to the Confederacy! To test what effect the enclosed air-conditioned environment might have on the delivery of breaking balls Satchel Paige in full Astros uniform threw the first pitches at the Astrodome on February 7 1965. He later concluded that it was a "pitcher's paradise" as the lack of wind allowed for sensitive pitches to maneuver more easily, Nacogdoches (32,996) Motorsports Race and ethnicity Murders fell by 37 percent from January to June 2011 compared with the same period in 2010 Houston's total crime rate including violent and nonviolent crimes decreased by 11 percent the FBI's Uniform Crime Report (UCR) indicates a downward trend of violent crime in Houston over the ten- and twenty-year periods ending in 2016 which is consistent with national trends This trend toward lower rates of violent crime in Houston includes the murder rate though it had seen a four-year uptick that lasted through 2015 Houston's violent crime rate was 8.6% percent higher in 2016 from the previous year However from 2006 to 2016 violent crime was still down 12 percent in Houston. Duke Energy Field Services near Palestine on U.S Highway 79: the company operates facilities including refineries and oil wells throughout the region; .
. A graph showing the major sectors of the Houston economy The Wortham Theater Center is a performing arts center that officially opened in Houston on May 9 1987 the Center was designed by Eugene Aubry of Morris-Aubry Architects and built entirely with $66 million in private funds the Brown Theater with 2,423 seats is named for donors Alice and George Brown It is used primarily for opera and large ballet productions the Cullen Theater with 1,100 seats is named for donors Lillie and Roy Cullen It is used for smaller ballet productions and other events the Wortham's signature arching entryway is made of glass and stands 88 feet (27 m) tall the grand staircase (which is actually a bank of escalators) is surrounded by a site-specific art piece created by New York sculptor Albert Paley! . Main article: Culture of Houston, The Nichols-Rice-Cherry House (which was moved from San Jacinto Street) is also located in Sam Houston Park it is an example of Greek Revival architecture and was built about 1850 by Ebeneezer B Nichols from New York. Between 1856 and 1873 it was owned by financier William Marsh Rice whose estate helped create Rice Institute (now Rice University) in 1912. The University of St Thomas located in Neartown is a private Catholic liberal arts college Pacific Islander: 0.1 percent The land surface in and around the city of Houston is composed of alternating layers of red gray sandy brown and black organic clay; these strata generally dip to the southeast at a slope of 0.06% (3 feet (0.91 m) of vertical change for every 1 mile (1.6 km) of distance traveled). These soils were deposited by tributaries of local waterways particularly the Brazos and Trinity rivers. There is a considerable contrast in soil composition to the north around Cypress Creek; most of the surface there consists of tan-colored sand with small amounts of gray clay the north and northwestern regions of Houston and Harris County feature a slightly steeper slope than other parts of the city with occasional escarpments caused by faulting or erosion. Flag of Texas.svg Texas portal Members of the oil and gas industry are representatives of most of the boards of Houston's arts bodies charities and museums the energy companies spent funds in order to make Houston a more attractive community for their employees to live in. .
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