When World War II started tonnage levels at the port decreased and shipping activities were suspended; however the war did provide economic benefits for the city Petrochemical refineries and manufacturing plants were constructed along the ship channel because of the demand for petroleum and synthetic rubber products by the defense industry during the war. Ellington Field initially built during World War I was revitalized as an advanced training center for bombardiers and navigators the Brown Shipbuilding Company was founded in 1942 to build ships for the U.S Navy during World War II Due to the boom in defense jobs thousands of new workers migrated to the city both blacks and whites competing for the higher-paying jobs President Roosevelt had established a policy of nondiscrimination for defense contractors and blacks gained some opportunities especially in shipbuilding although not without resistance from whites and increasing social tensions that erupted into occasional violence Economic gains of blacks who entered defense industries continued in the postwar years, Houston Texas Business Directory, During the late 1970s Houston had a population boom as people from the Rust Belt states moved to Texas in large numbers the new residents came for numerous employment opportunities in the petroleum industry created as a result of the Arab oil embargo With the increase in professional jobs Houston has become a destination for many college-educated persons most recently including African Americans in a reverse Great Migration from northern areas! . . . . Mexican retreat and surrender Houston Texas Business Directory, Austin 97/74 36/23 61/45 16/5 Collegiate athletics have deep significance in Texas culture especially football the state has twelve Division I-FBS schools the most in the nation Four of the state's universities the Baylor Bears Texas Longhorns TCU Horned Frogs and Texas Tech Red Raiders compete in the Big 12 Conference the Texas A&M Aggies left the Big 12 and joined the Southeastern Conference in 2012 which led the Big 12 to invite TCU to join; TCU was previously in the Mountain West Conference the Houston Cougars and the SMU Mustangs compete in the American Athletic Conference the Texas State Bobcats and the UT Arlington Mavericks compete in the Sun Belt Conference Four of the state's schools claim at least one national championship in football: the Texas Longhorns the Texas A&M Aggies the TCU Horned Frogs and the SMU Mustangs, Highways For decades the infant mortality rate in Texas was higher than the nationwide rate but that gap has slowly closed in 2017 the infant mortality rate in Texas was identical to the nationwide rate: 5.9 deaths per 1,000 live births. This rate is not identical across the state of Texas and studies have found significant disparities between zip codes for example the 76164 zip code has an infant mortality rate of 12.3 deaths per 1,000 live births while the neighboring 76107 zip code has a rate of 1.8 deaths per 1,000 live births. Additionally Black families in Texas are disproportionately burdened by these rates in 2015 the infant mortality rate for Black babies in Texas was 10.9 deaths per 1,000 births. These disparities can be explained by factors such as socioeconomic status air pollution and access to health care. Houston's murder rate ranked 46th of U.S cities with a population over 250,000 in 2005 (per capita rate of 16.3 murders per 100,000 population) in 2010 the city's murder rate (per capita rate of 11.8 murders per 100,000 population) was ranked sixth among U.S cities with a population of over 750,000 (behind New York City Chicago Detroit Dallas and Philadelphia) according to the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI). The 1992 Republican National Convention was held at the Astrodome in August of that year the Astros accommodated the convention by taking a month-long road trip.
. 4.2 Movie theaters Cartography Port of Houston along the Houston Ship Channel, Pedro de Candia (Panama 1527 Colombia and Ecuador 1528 Peru 1530) Prisoner identity photograph taken by the German SS of a Polish girl deported to Auschwitz Approximately 230,000 children were held prisoner and used in forced labor and medical experiments. . In August 1942 the Allies succeeded in repelling a second attack against El Alamein and at a high cost managed to deliver desperately needed supplies to the besieged Malta a few months later the Allies commenced an attack of their own in Egypt dislodging the Axis forces and beginning a drive west across Libya. This attack was followed up shortly after by Anglo-American landings in French North Africa which resulted in the region joining the Allies. Hitler responded to the French colony's defection by ordering the occupation of Vichy France; although Vichy forces did not resist this violation of the armistice they managed to scuttle their fleet to prevent its capture by German forces the Axis forces in Africa withdrew into Tunisia which was conquered by the Allies in May 1943, 388 National Oilwell Varco Languages, Other elected positions in Harris County include a County Attorney a County Clerk a District Attorney a District Clerk a Sheriff 8 Constables a Tax Assessor-Collector a County Treasurer and every judge in the county except municipal judges who are appointed by the mayors and confirmed by city councils of their respective cities. At this point Santa Anna believed the rebellion was in its final death throes the Texian government had been forced off the mainland with no way to communicate with its army which had shown no interest in fighting He determined to block the Texian army's retreat and put a decisive end to the war. Almonte's scouts incorrectly reported that Houston's army was going to Lynchburg Crossing on Buffalo Bayou in preparation for joining the government in Galveston so Santa Anna ordered Harrisburg burned and pressed on towards Lynchburg. Europe On June 1 1836 Santa Anna boarded a ship to travel back to Mexico For the next two days crowds of Texian soldiers many of whom had arrived that week from the United States gathered to demand his execution Lamar by now promoted to Secretary of War gave a speech insisting that "Mobs must not intimidate the government We want no French Revolution in Texas!" but on June 4 soldiers seized Santa Anna and put him under military arrest. According to Lack "the shock of having its foreign policy overturned by popular rebellion had weakened the interim government irrevocably" a group of soldiers staged an unsuccessful coup in mid-July in response Burnet called for elections to ratify the constitution and elect a Congress the sixth set of leaders for Texas in a twelve-month period. Voters overwhelmingly chose Houston the first president ratified the constitution drawn up by the Convention of 1836 and approved a resolution to request annexation to the United States. Houston issued an executive order sending Santa Anna to Washington D.C and from there he was soon sent home! The First Congress of the Republic of Texas established Harrisburg County on December 22 1836 the original county boundaries included Galveston Island but were redrawn to its current configuration in May 1838. Background 1970 1,232,802 31.4% Media Houston circa 1873, 1800s Houston's environmental problems stem from a long history of pollution Houston may be considered the air-conditioning capital of the world due to its hot and humid metropolitan Since the 1930s air-conditioning was built into all commercial buildings like theaters malls and corporations Even the Astrodome was air-conditioned making baseball players and fans comfortable for decades This led to the possibility of an energy crisis because of the popularity of air-conditioning in Houston energy costs are generally higher than normal.
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